What other common side effect can result from beta-2 agonist administration?

Beta-2 agonists are primarily used for their bronchodilatory effects in the treatment of conditions like asthma and COPD. When these medications stimulate beta-2 adrenergic receptors in the lungs, they can also lead to systemic effects due to their action on beta-2 receptors located in other tissues, including the skeletal muscle and heart.

Hypokalemia, or low potassium levels in the blood, is a notable side effect associated with beta-2 agonist use. This occurs because the activation of beta-2 receptors promotes the movement of potassium from the bloodstream into the cells, particularly in the skeletal muscle. This shift can reduce serum potassium levels, which is significant since potassium is crucial for normal cellular function and muscle contraction.

Other side effects may certainly occur with beta-2 agonists, but hypokalemia is particularly important to monitor in patients, especially those on higher doses or long-acting formulations, as it can lead to muscle weakness or cardiac issues if potassium levels drop too low. Hence, understanding the pharmacological effects of beta-2 agonists should include awareness of their potential to cause hypokalemia in some patients.